Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis in Dairy Cattle of Chitwan, Nawalpur and Rupandehi Districts of Nepal

Sanjay Paudel; Deepak Subedi; Saroj Shrestha; Madhav P. Acharya; Deepak Chandran; Kuldeep Dhama

doi:10.18006/2022.10(5).1100.1108

Authors

Sanjay Paudel Agriculture and Forestry University (AFU), Rampur, Chitwan, 44209, Nepal https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6904-4798
Deepak Subedi Paklihawa Campus, Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Tribhuvan University, Rupandehi, Nepal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0677-7094
Saroj Shrestha Paklihawa Campus, Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Tribhuvan University, Rupandehi, Nepal https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2460-9251
Madhav P. Acharya National Cattle Research Program (NCRP), Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Rampur, Chitwan, 44209, Nepal
Deepak Chandran Department of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Amrita School of Agricultural Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu –642109, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9873-6969
Kuldeep Dhama Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh-243122, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7469-4752

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18006/2022.10(5).1100.1108

Keywords:

Infectious Bovin, Rhinotracheitis, Seroprevalence, Risk factors, Dairy cattle

Abstract

The cross-sectional study from July 2018 to September 2018 was conducted to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) in cattle of the Chitwan, Nawalpur, and Rupandehi districts of Nepal. The existence of antibodies against IBR was investigated in 92 serum samples obtained systematically from 55 cattle herds using Indirect-ELISA. A questionnaire interview was done to collect individual and herd-level data. The association between categorical variables and the outcome variable (seropositive) was assessed by bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis in SPSS version 19.0. The seroprevalence of IBR was 18.48% (95% CI: 11.1-27.9), and district, breed, and herd size were identified as potential risk factors for IBR seropositivity. Significantly higher risk for IBR was found in Chitwan (Percentage-Positive “PP” = 36.37%; Odd ratio “OR” = 5.211; p = 0.008) than in Nawalpur (PP = 9.38%; OR = 0.931) and Rupandehi (PP = 10.00%). PP of IBR was significantly higher in Jersey crosses (PP = 30.00%; OR = 2.893; p = 0.048) than Holstein Friesian crosses (PP = 12.90%). Similarly, herds with more than 10 cattle (PP = 33.33%; OR = 4.167; p = 0.042) were found significantly at higher odds for seropositivity than herds having less than 10 cattle (PP = 10.71%). Due to the moderate prevalence of IBR among cattle in Nepal, this study recommends conducting additional planned research on IBR at the national level to safeguard the country's dairy businesses from potential financial losses.

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