Potential COVID -19 Therapeutics in Clinical Trials – A Brief Review

Dinesh Kumar Lakshmi Narayanan; Sinouvassane Djearamane; Vinodhkumar Ramalingam; Saminathan Kayarohanam; Sivabalan Rajagopal; SankaraKumaran Pandian; Ashok Kumar Janakiraman; Pradeep Balakrishnan

doi:10.18006/2022.10(4).737.742

Authors

Dinesh Kumar Lakshmi Narayanan Faculty of Bioeconomics and Health sciences, Geomatika University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7960-6798
Sinouvassane Djearamane Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-662X
Vinodhkumar Ramalingam Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5269-0520
Saminathan Kayarohanam Faculty of Bioeconomics and Health sciences, Geomatika University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1235-1217
Sivabalan Rajagopal Faculty of Bioeconomics and Health sciences, Geomatika University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
SankaraKumaran Pandian School of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Health Professions, AIMST University, Bedong, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5331-8210
Ashok Kumar Janakiraman Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9670-8323
Pradeep Balakrishnan School of Health Sciences, KPJ University, Nilai, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5736-5444

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18006/2022.10(4).737.742

Keywords:

COVID-19, Clinical trials, Anti-viral, Vaccines

Abstract

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS – CoV2), the causative viral pathogen of the COVID-19 pandemic belongs to the family of Coronaviruses which are positive single stranded RNA viruses. The scientific fraternity has developed and developing various types of vaccines for prevention against COVID-19, such as inactivated virus vaccines, mRNA vaccines, replicating vector protein subunit vaccines, etc., Out of which ten vaccines namely Novovax, Covovax (protein subunit vaccines), Pfizer BNT16b2, Moderna mRNA 1273 (mRNA vaccines), Johnson & Johnson Ad26, Cov2.S, Astrazeneca AZD1222, Covishield (non-replicating viral vector vaccines), Covaxin, Sinopharm BBIBP-CorV, CoronoVac (inactivated vaccines) have been approved for clinical use by WHO. There is an urgent need for SARS-CoV2 specific therapeutics for the treatment of COVID-19 as there is the emergence of various variants such as Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Omicron, etc. The emergence of variants that possesses immune evading property and spike protein mutation have increased infectivity and more pathogenicity which impelled the need to develop various therapeutics for the treatment of COVID-19. This review compiles the information about potential antiviral candidates in preclinical trials intended for the treatment of COVID-19. The clinical development of such antivirals will be very crucial for the treatment of COVID-19 and also to curb the spread as the present scenario depends on the development of effective prophylactic vaccines.

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