PHARMACEUTICAL POTENTIAL OF LABORATORY GROWN CULTURES OF BLUE-GREEN ALGAE: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW AND FUTURE POSSIBILITIES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18006/2021.9(5).543.571Keywords:
Blue-Green Algae, Biomass, Pharmaceutically Important Compound, Biological activities, Discovery, DevelopmentAbstract
COVID-19 pandemic has taught the world researchers the urgent need for new sources and novel pharmaceuticals not only for existing diseases but also for both seasonal epidemics and future pandemics. Pharmaceutical drug discoveries for the past fifty years depended deeply on the procedure of empirical transmission of a huge number of pure bioactive compounds to provide new leads. The screening of extracts or isolating compounds is a common way to discover novel biologically active molecules. Most of the valuable Blue-Green algal metabolites are concentrated in their biomass. For existence in nature, Blue-Green algae (BGA) secrete and contain various organic substances like proteins, fatty acids, vitamins, pigments, primary and secondary metabolites, and these compounds are explored for potential biological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral (including the anti-SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19), anticancer, antioxidant, antidiabetic, protease inhibitory activity, anti-inflammatory activity, etc. Due to their diverse application, pharmaceutical companies have shown commercial interest in the Blue-green algal group for the discovery and development of novel molecules to combat deadly diseases for the benefit of society and mankind. The current review paper highlights and discusses the diverse pharmaceutical potential of laboratory-grown cultures of BGA along with comprehensive and current knowledge on bioactive compounds discovered by researchers globally.
References
Ahmed BE, Badawi MH, Mostafa SS, Higazy AM (2018) Human anticancer and antidiabetic activities of the cyanobacterium Fischerella sp. BS1-EG isolated from River Nile. Egypt. International Journal Current Microbiology and Applied Science 7(1): 3473-3485.
Allen MB, Arnon DI (1955) Studies on nitrogen fixing blue green algae. I. growth and nitrogen fixation in Anabaena cylindrca. Plant Physiology 30: 366-372.
Al-Saman MA, Doleib NM, Ibrahim MR, Nasr MY, Tayel AA, Hamouda RA (2020) In vitro and in vivo hypolipidemic properties of the aqueous extract of Spirulina platensis, cultivated in colored flasks under artificial illumination. PeerJ 8: e10366.
Andrianasolo EH, Gross H, Goeger D, Musafija-Girt M, McPhail K, Leal RM, Mooberry SL, Gerwick WH (2005) Isolation of swinholide A and related glycosylated derivatives from two field collections of marine cyanobacteria. Organic letters 7(7):1375-8.
Asthana RK, Tripathi MK, Srivastava A, Singh AP, Singh SP, Nath G, Srivastava R, Srivastava BS (2009) Isolation and identification of a new antibacterial entity from the Antarctic cyanobacterium Nostoc CCC 537. Journal of Applied Phycology 21(1):81-8.
Atanasov AG, Zotchev SB, Dirsch VM, Supuran CT (2021) Natural products in drug discovery: advances and opportunities. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 20(3):200-216. doi: 10.1038/s41573-020-00114-z.
Ayehunie S, Belay A, Baba TW, Ruprecht RM (1998) Inhibition of HIV-1 replication by an aqueous extract of Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira platensis). Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome 18(1): 7-12.
Back S, Liang J (2005) Production of cryptophycin from blue-green algae. Journal of Young Investigator 12:1654-1673.
Banker R, Carmeli S (1998) Tenuecyclamides A− D, Cyclic Hexapeptides from the Cyanobacterium Nostoc spongiaeforme var. t enue. Journal of Natural Products 61(10):1248-51.
Basu S, Gledhill M, de Beer D, Matondkar SP, Shaked Y (2019) Colonies of marine cyanobacteria Trichodesmium interact with associated bacteria to acquire iron from dust. Communications Biology 2(1): 1-8.
Becher PG, Keller S, Jung G, Süssmuth RD, Jüttner F (2007) Insecticidal activity of 12-epi-hapalindole J isonitrile. Phytochemistry 68(19):2493-7.
Bellahcen TO, AAmiri A, Touam I, Hmimid F, El Amrani A, Cherif A, Cherki M (2020) Evaluation of Moroccan microalgae: Spirulina platensis as a potential source of natural antioxidants. Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine 17(3). https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2019-0036.
Bellinger EG, Sigee DC (2015) Freshwater algae: identification, enumeration and use as bioindicators. John Wiley & Sons.
Bernardini S, Tiezzi A, LaghezzaMasci V, Ovidi E (2018) Natural products for human health: an historical overview of the drug discovery approaches. Natural Product Research 32(16): 1926-1950.
Berry JP, Gantar M, Gawley RE, Wang M, Rein KS (2004) Pharmacology and toxicology of pahayokolide A, a bioactive metabolite from a freshwater species of Lyngbya isolated from the Florida Everglades. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology 139(4):231-8.
Bewley CA (2001) Solution structure of a cyanovirin-N: Manα1-2Manα complex: structural basis for high-affinity carbohydrate-mediated binding to gp120. Structure 9(10):931-40.
Bhadury P, Wright PC (2004) Exploitation of marine algae: biogenic compounds for potential antifouling applications. Planta 219(4):561-78.
Bokesch HR, O'Keefe BR, McKee TC, Pannell LK, Patterson GM, Gardella RS, Sowder RC, Turpin J, Watson K, Buckheit RW, Boyd MR (2003) A potent novel anti-HIV protein from the cultured cyanobacterium Scytonemavarium. Biochemistry 42(9):2578-84.
Bold HC (1949) The morphology of Chlamydomonas chlamydogama, sp. nov. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 1:101-8.
Bonjouklian R, Moore RE, Patterson GM (1988) Acid-catalyzed reactions of hapalindoles. The Journal of Organic Chemistry 53(25):5866-70.
Boyd MR, Gustafson K, McMahon JB, Shoemaker R (1996) Discovery of cyanovirin-N, a novel HIV-inactivating protein from Nostoc ellipsosporum that targets viral gp120. International Conference on AIDS 11: 71-71.
Boyd MR, Gustafson KR, McMahon JB, Shoemaker RH, O'Keefe BR, Mori T, Gulakowski RJ, Wu L, Rivera MI, Laurencot CM, Currens MJ (1997) Discovery of cyanovirin-N, a novel human immunodeficiency virus-inactivating protein that binds viral surface envelope glycoprotein gp120: potential applications to microbicide development. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 41(7):1521-30.
Bui HT, Jansen R, Pham HT, Mundt S (2007) Carbamidocyclophanes A− E, Chlorinated Paracyclophanes with Cytotoxic and Antibiotic Activity from the Vietnamese Cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. Journal of Natural Products 70(4):499-503.
Cardellina II JH, Kirkup MP, Moore RE, Mynderse JS, Seff K, Simmons CJ (1979a) Hyellazone and chlorohyellazole, two novel carbazoles from the blue-green alga hyellacaespitosa born. et flah. Tetrahedron Letters 20(51):4915-4916.
Cardellina JH, Marner FJ, Moore RE (1979b) Seaweed dermatitis: structure of lyngbyatoxin A. Science 204(4389):193-5.
Carmichael WW (1992) Cyanobacteria secondary metabolites—the cyanotoxins. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 72(6):445-59.
Carpine R, Sieber S (2021) Antibacterial and antiviral metabolites from cyanobacteria: their application and their impact on human health. Current Research in Biotechnology 3: 65-81.
Chatterjee PM, Tiwari DP, Datta S, Chakrabarty S, Raval R, Dubey AK (2019) Probing into methylene blue interaction with polyglutamic acid: Spectroscopic and molecular dynamics simulation studies. Asian Journal of Chemistry 31(9): 1949-1958.
Chauhan A, Chauhan G, Gupta PC, Goyal P, Kaushik P (2010) In vitro antibacterial evaluation of Anabaena sp. against several clinically significant microflora and HPTLC analysis of its active crude extracts. Indian Journal of Pharmacology 42(2): 105.
Chauhan A, Jindal T (2020) Microbiological Methods for Water, Soil and Air Analysis. In: Microbiological Methods for Environment, Food and Pharmaceutical Analysis 2020, Springer, Cham, Pp. 93-196.
Chauhan A, Ranjan A, Basniwal RK, Jindal T (2022) Cytotoxic and Antibiotic Properties of Cyanobacterial Extracts. In: Jindal T (eds) New Frontiers in Environmental Toxicology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72173-2_4.
Chen X, Smith GD, Waring P (2003) Human cancer cell (Jurkat) killing by the cyanobacterial metabolite calothrixin A. Journal of Applied Phycology 15(4):269-77.
Cheng YI, Chou L, Chiu YF, Hsueh HT, Kuo CH, Chu HA (2020) Comparative genomic analysis of a novel strain of Taiwan hot-spring cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus sp. CL-1. Frontiers in microbiology 11: 82.
Chittapun S, Jonjaroen V, Khumrangsee K, Charoenrat T (2020) C-phycocyanin extraction from two freshwater cyanobacteria by freeze thaw and pulsed electric field techniques to improve extraction efficiency and purity. Algal Research 46: 101789.
Choi H, Engene N, Smith JE, Preskitt LB, Gerwick WH (2010) Crossbyanols A− D, toxic brominated polyphenyl ethers from the Hawai’ian bloom-forming Cyanobacterium Leptolyngbyacross byana. Journal of Natural Products 73(4):517-22.
Chorus I, Falconer IR, Salas HJ, Bartram J (2000) Health risks caused by freshwater cyanobacteria in recreational waters. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Part B: Critical Reviews 3(4):323-47.
Chu SP (1942) The influence of the mineral composition of the medium on the growth of planktonic algae: part I. Methods and culture media. The Journal of Ecology 1:284-325.
Dimri AG, Prasad R, Chauhan A, Aggarwal ML, Varma A (2018) Characterization of soil actinomycete isolate against gram-positive and gram-negative food borne bacteria. Indian Journal of Environmental Protection 38: 1004-1015.
Doan NT, Rickards RW, Rothschild JM, Smith GD (2000) Allelopathic actions of the alkaloid 12-epi-hapalindole E isonitrile and calothrixin A from cyanobacteria of the genera Fischerella and Calothrix. Journal of Applied Phycology 12(3):409-16.
Duy TN, Lam PKS, Shaw GR, Connell DW (2000) Toxicology and Risk Assessment of Freshwater Cyanobacterial (Blue-Green Algal) Toxins in Water. In: Ware GW (Eds.) Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, vol 163. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6429-1_3.
El-Sheekh MM, Hassan LH, Morsi HH (2021) Evaluation of antimicrobial activities of blue-green algae-mediated silver and gold nanoparticles. RendicontiLincei. ScienzeFisiche e Naturali 18:1-3.
Falch BS, König GM, Wright AD, Sticher O, Angerhofer CK, Pezzuto JM, Bachmann H (1995) Biological activities of cyanobacteria: evaluation of extracts and pure compounds. Planta Medica 61(04):321-8.
Fatima N, Ahmad IZ, Chaudhry H (2017) Alterations in the antibacterial potential of Synechococcus spp. PCC7942 under the influence of UV-B radiations on skin pathogens. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 24(7): 1657-1662.
Fogg G (1965) Algal culture and phytoplankton ecology. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison Pp. 126.
Gabr GA, El-Sayed SM, Hikal MS (2020) Antioxidant Activities of Phycocyanin: A Bioactive Compound from Spirulina platensis. Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International 32(2): 73-85.
Gademann K, Portmann C (2008) Secondary metabolites from cyanobacteria: complex structures and powerful bioactivities. Current Organic Chemistry 12(4):326-341.
Gamal S, Abd El Baky HH, Saleh MA (2020) Egyptian Arthrospira phytosterols: production, identification, antioxidant and antiproliferative activities. Notulae Botanicae HortiAgrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 48(2): 666-680.
Gara-Ali M, Zili F, Hosni K, Ouada HB, Ben-Mahrez K (2021) Lipophilic extracts of the thermophilic cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya sp. and chlorophyte Graesiella sp. and their potential use as food and anticancer agents. Algal Research 60: 102511.
Gerber P, Dutcher JD, Adams EV, Sherman JH (1958) Protective effect of seaweed extracts for chicken embryos infected with influenza B or mumps virus. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 99(3): 590-593.
Gerwick WH, Mrozek C, Moghaddam MF, Agarwal SK (1989) Novel cytotoxic peptides from the tropical marine cyanobacterium Hormothamnion enteromorphoides 1. Discovery, isolation and initial chemical and biological characterization of the hormothamnins from wild and cultured material. Experientia 45(2):115-21.
Gheda SF, Ismail GA (2020) Natural products from some soil cyanobacterial extracts with potent antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 92(2):e20190934. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202020190934.
Ghosh T, Bhayani K, Paliwal C, Maurya R, Chokshi K, Pancha I, Mishra S (2016) Cyanobacterial pigments as natural anti-hyperglycemic agents: an in vitro study. Frontiers in Marine Science 10(3):146.
Grinberg M, Sarig R, Zaltsman Y, Frumkin D, Grammatikakis N, Reuveny E, Gross A (2002) tBID Homooligomerizes in the mitochondrial membrane to induce apoptosis. Journal of Biological Chemistry 277(14):12237-45.
Guerreiro A, Andrade MA, Menezes C, Vilarinho F, Dias E (2020) Antioxidant and Cytoprotective Properties of Cyanobacteria: Potential for Biotechnological Applications. Toxins 12(9): 548.
Gunasekera SP, Ross C, Paul VJ, Matthew S, Luesch H (2008) Dragonamides C and D, linear lipopeptides from the marine cyanobacterium brown Lyngbya polychroa. Journal of Natural products 71(5):887-90.
Gustafson KR, Cardellina II JH, Fuller RW, Weislow OS, Kiser RF, Sander KM, Patterson GML, Boyd MR (1989) AIDS-antiviral sulfolipids from cyanobacteria (blue-green algae). Journal of the National Cancer Institute 81: 1254-1258.
Gustafson KR, Sowder R, Henderson L, Pannel L, Cardellina J, McMahon J, Shoemaker R, Boyd M (1996) Sequence determination and chemical chractristics of a novel anti-HIV protein, Cyanovirin-N, isolated from the cyanobacterium Nostoc ellipsosporum. International Controversies on AIDS 11: 70.
Hayashi K, Hayashi T, Kojima I (1996) A natural sulfated polysaccharide, calcium spirulan, isolated from Spirulina platensis: in vitro and ex vivo evaluation of anti-herpes simplex virus and anti-human immunodeficiency virus activities. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 12(15):1463-71.
Hirata K, Yoshitomi S, Dwi S, Iwabe O, Mahakhant A, Polchai J, Miyamoto K (2003) Bioactivities of nostocine A produced by a freshwater cyanobacterium Nostoc spongiaeforme TISTR 8169. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering 95(5):512-7.
Hokmollahi F, Riahi H, Soltani N, Shariatmadari Z, Hakimi Meybodi MH (2016) A taxonomic study of blue-green algae based on morphological, physiological and molecular characterization in Yazd province terrestrial ecosystems (Iran). Rostaniha 16(2): 152-163.
Hwang P, Hung Y, Tsai Y, Chien SY, Kong Z (2014) The brown seaweed Sargassum hemiphyllum exhibits α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and enhances insulin release in vitro. Cytotechnology 67: 653–660.
Inderjit DK, Dakshini KM (1994) Algal allelopathy. The Botanical Review 60:182-96.
Ishibashi M, Moore RE, Patterson GM, Xu C, Clardy J (1986) Scytophycins, cytotoxic and antimycotic agents from the cyanophyte Scytonemapseudohofmanni. The Journal of Organic Chemistry 51(26):5300-6.
Ishida K, Matsuda H, Murakami M, Yamaguchi K (1997) Kawaguchipeptin B, an antibacterial cyclic undecapeptide from the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. Journal of Natural Products 60(7):724-6.
Jafari Porzani S, Konur O, Nowruzi B (2021) Cyanobacterial natural products as sources for antiviral drug discovery against COVID-19. Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics 1-17. doi: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1899050.
Jaki B, Orjala J, Heilmann J, Linden A, Vogler B, Sticher O (2000) Novel Extracellular Diterpenoids with Biological Activity from the Cyanobacterium Nostoc commune. Journal of natural products 63(3):339-43.
Jaki B, Zerbe O, Heilmann J, Sticher O (2001) Two novel cyclic peptides with antifungal activity from the cyanobacterium Tolypothrix byssoidea (EAWAG 195). Journal of Natural Products 64(2):154-8.
Jaspars M, Lawton LA (1998) Cyanobacteria-a novel source of pharmaceuticals. Current opinion in Drug Discovery & Development (1):77-84.
Jimenez-Lopez C, Pereira AG, Lourenço-Lopes C, Garcia-Oliveira P, Cassani L, Fraga-Corral M, Simal-Gandara J (2021) Main bioactive phenolic compounds in marine algae and their mechanisms of action supporting potential health benefits. Food Chemistry 341: 128262.
Jo SW, Do JM, Na H, Hong JW, Kim IS, Yoon HS (2020) Assessment of biomass potentials of microalgal communities in open pond raceways using mass cultivation. PeerJ 8: e9418.
Jones GJ, Korth W (1995) In situ production of volatile odour compounds by river and reservoir phytoplankton populations in Australia. Water Science and Technology 31(11):145-51.
Kaiwan-arporn P, Hai PD, Thu NT, Annachhatre AP (2012) Cultivation of cyanobacteria for extraction of lipids. Biomass and Bioenergy 44: 142-149.
Kajiyama SI, Kanzaki H, Kawazu K, Kobayashi A (1998) Nostofungicidine, an antifungal lipopeptide from the field-grown terrestrial blue-green alga Nostoc commune. Tetrahedron Letters 39(22):3737-3740.
Kaushik P, Abhishek C, Pankaj G (2009) Screening of Lyngbyama juscula for potential antibacterial activity and HPTLC analysis of active methanolic extract. Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 3(1): 169-174.
Kaushik P, Chauhan A (2008a) Antibacterial Potential of aqueous and organic extracts of N. Commune: A Cyanobacterium. VEGETOS 21(1): 77-80.
Kaushik P, Chauhan A (2008b) In vitro antibacterial activity of laboratory grown culture of Spirulina platensis. Indian Journal of Microbiology 48(3): 348-352.
Kaushik P, Goyal P, Chauhan A, Chauhan G (2010) In vitro evaluation of antibacterial potential of dry fruit extracts of Elettaria cardamomum Maton (ChhotiElaichi). Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 9(3): 287.
Kehr JC, Zilliges Y, Springer A, Disney MD, Ratner DD, Bouchier C, Seeberger PH, De Marsac NT, Dittmann E (2006) A mannan binding lectin is involved in cell–cell attachment in a toxic strain of Microcystis aeruginosa. Molecular Microbiology 59(3):893-906.
Khatoon H, Leong LK, Rahman NA, Mian S, Begum H, Banerjee S, Endut A (2018) Effects of different light source and media on growth and production of phycobiliprotein from freshwater cyanobacteria. Bioresource Technology 249: 652-658.
Larsen LK, Moore RE, Patterson GM (1994) β-Carbolines from the blue-green alga Dichothrix baueriana. Journal of Natural Products 57(3):419-21.
Lau AF, Siedlecki J, Anleitner J, Patterson GM, Caplan FR, Moore RE (1993) Inhibition of reverse transcriptase activity by extracts of cultured blue-green algae (cyanophyta). Planta Medica 59: 148-151.
Li LY, Wu W, Chen S, Gu JW, Li XL, Song HJ, Du F, Wang G, Zhong CQ, Wang XY, Chen Y, Shah R, Yang HM, Cai Q (2020) Digestive system involvement of novel coronavirus infection: Prevention and control infection from a gastroenterology perspective. Journal of Digestive Diseases 21(4):199–204.https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-2980.12862
Liu X, Lagenaur LA, Simpson DA, Essenmacher KP, Frazier-Parker CL, Liu Y, Tsai D, Rao SS, Hamer DH, Parks TP, Lee PP (2006) Engineered vaginal lactobacillus strain for mucosal delivery of the human immunodeficiency virus inhibitor cyanovirin-N. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 50(10):3250-3259.
Loya S, Reshef V, Mizrrachi E, Silberstein C, Rachamim Y, Carmcli S, Hizi A (1998) The inhibition of the reverse transcriptase of HIV-1 by the natural sulfoglycolipids from cyanobacteria: contribution of different moieties to their high potency. Journal of Natural Product 61: 891-895.
Luesch H, Moore RE, Paul VJ, Mooberry SL, Corbett TH (2001) Isolation of dolastatin 10 from the marine cyanobacterium Symploca species VP642 and total stereochemistry and biological evaluation of its analogue symplostatin 1. Journal of Natural Products 64(7):907-10.
MacMillan JB, Ernst-Russell MA, De Ropp JS, Molinski TF (2002) Lobocyclamides A− C, Lipopeptides from a cryptic cyanobacterial mat containing Lyngbya c onfervoides. The Journal of Organic Chemistry 67(23):8210-5.
MacMillan JB, Molinski TF (2005) Majusculoic acid, a brominated cyclopropyl fatty acid from a marine cyanobacterial mat assemblage. Journal of Natural Products 68(4):604-6.
Marrez DA, Sultan YY (2016) Antifungal activity of the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa against mycotoxigenic fungi. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science 6(11): 191-198.
Mason CP, Edwards KR, Carlson RE, Pignatello J, Gleason FK, Wood JM (1982) Isolation of chlorine-containing antibiotic from the freshwater cyanobacterium Scytonemahofmanni. Science 215(4531):400-2.
Matern U, Oberer L, Falchetto RA, Erhard M, König WA, Herdman M, Weckesser J (2001) Scyptolin A and B, cyclic depsipeptides from axenic cultures of Scytonema hofmanni PCC 7110. Phytochemistry 58(7):1087-95.
Mathew B, Sankaranarayanan R, Nair PP, Varghese C, Somanathan T, Amma BP, Amma NS, Nair MK(1995) Evaluation of chemoprevention of oral cancer with Spirulina fusiformis. Nutrition and Cancer 24: 197-202
Medina RA, Goeger DE, Hills P, Mooberry SL, Huang N, Romero LI, Ortega-Barría E, Gerwick WH, McPhail KL (2008) Coibamide A, a potent antiproliferative cyclic depsipeptide from the Panamanian marine cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya sp. Journal of the American Chemical Society 130(20):6324-5.
Metting B, Pyne JW (1986) Biologically active compounds from microalgae. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 8(7):386-94.
Mishima T, Murata J, Toyoshima M, Fujii H, Nakajima M, Hayashi T, Kato T, Saiki I (1998) Inhibition of tumor invasion and metastasis by calciumspirulan (Ca-SP), a novel sulfated polysaccharide derived from a blue-green alga, Spirulina platensis. Clinical & Experimental Metastasis 16(6):541-550.
Mo S, Krunic A, Chlipala G, Orjala J (2009) Antimicrobial ambiguine isonitriles from the cyanobacterium Fischerella ambigua. Journal of Natural Products 72(5):894-9.
Moon SS, Chen JL, Moore RE, Patterson GM (1992) Calophycin, a fungicidal cyclic decapeptide from the terrestrial blue-green alga Calothrix fusca. The Journal of Organic Chemistry 57(4):1097-103.
Moore RE (1982) Toxins, anticancer agents, and tumor promoters from marine prokaryotes. Pure and Applied Chemistry 54(10):1919-34.
Moore RE, Patterson GM, Carmichael WW (1988) New pharmaceuticals from cultured blue-green algae. Biomedical Importance of Marine Organisms 13:143-50.
Moore RE, Yang XQ, Patterson GM (1987) Fontonamide and anhydrohapaloxindole A, two new alkaloids from the blue-green alga Hapalosiphon fontinalis. The Journal of Organic Chemistry 52(17):3773-3777.
Müller D, Krick A, Kehraus S, Mehner C, Hart M, Küpper FC, Saxena K, Prinz H, Schwalbe H, Janning P, Waldmann H (2006) Brunsvicamides A− C: Sponge-Related Cyanobacterial Peptides with Mycobacterium tuberculosis Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Inhibitory Activity. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 49(16):4871-8.
Mundt S, Kreitlow S, Jansen R (2003) Fatty acids with antibacterial activity from the cyanobacterium Oscillatoria redekei HUB 051. Journal of Applied Phycology 15(2):263-7.
Nagatsu A, Kajitani H, Sakakibara J. Muscoride A (1995) A new oxazole peptide alkaloid from freshwater cyanobacterium Nostoc muscorum. Tetrahedron Letters 36(23):4097-100.
Nainangu P, Antonyraj APM, Subramanian K, Kaliyaperumal S, Gopal S, Renuka PS (2020) In vitro screening of antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic activities, and characterization of bioactive substances from freshwater cyanobacteria Oscillatoria sp. SSCM01 and Phormidium sp. SSCM02. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 29: 101772.
Natarajan C, Prasanna R, Gupta V, Dureja P, Nain L (2012) Characterization of the fungicidal activity of Calothrix elenkinii using chemical methods and microscopy. Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology 48(1):51-57.
Neuhof T, Schmieder P, Preussel K, Dieckmann R, Pham H, Bartl F, von Döhren H (2005) Hassallidin A, a glycosylated lipopeptide with antifungal activity from the cyanobacterium Hassallia sp. Journal of Natural Products 68(5):695-700.
Niveshika, Verma E, Mishra AK, Singh AK, Singh VK (2016) Structural elucidation and molecular docking of a novel antibiotic compound from cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. MGL001. Frontiers in microbiology 7:1899.
Padmini N, Ajilda AA, Prabakaran P, Sivakumar N, Selvakumar G (2021) Efficacy of marine cyanobacterium Oxynemathaianum ALU PBC5 against multi drug resistant Gram negative pathogens. Journal of Applied Microbiology 130(1):50-60.
Petersen LE, Kellermann MY, Schupp PJ (2020) Secondary metabolites of marine microbes: From natural products chemistry to chemical ecology. Youmares 9-The Oceans: Our Research, Our Future 159.
Ploutno A, Carmeli S (2000) Nostocyclyne A, a novel antimicrobial cyclophane from the cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. Journal of Natural Products 63(11):1524-6.
Pratt R, Daniels TC, Eiler JJ, Gunnison JB, Kumler WD, Oneto JF, Strait LA, Spoehr HA, Hardin GJ, Milner HW, Smith JH (1944) Chlorellin, an antibacterial substance from Chlorella. Science 99 (2574):351-352.
Priatni S, Budiwati TA, Ratnaningrum D, Kosasih W, Andryani R, Susanti H, Susilaningsih W (2016) Antidiabetic screening of some Indonesian marine cyanobacteria collection. Biodiversitas 17(2): 641–646.
Pringsheim E (1946) Pure Cultures of Algae. Cambridge University Press London Pp. 119 .
Prinsep MR, Moore RE, Levine IA, Patterson GM (1992) Westiellamide, a bistratamide-related cyclic peptide from the blue-green alga Westiellopsis prolifica. Journal of Natural Products 55(1):140-2.
Radkova M, Stefanova K, Uzunov B, Gärtner G, Stoyneva-Gärtner M (2020) Morphological and molecular identification of microcystin-producing cyanobacteria in nine shallow Bulgarian water bodies. Toxins 12(1): 39.
Radzi R, Muangmai N, Broady P, Wan Omar WM, Lavoue S, Convey P, Merican F (2019) Nodosilineasigniensis sp. Nov. (Leptolyngbyaceae, Synechococcales), a new terrestrial cyanobacterium isolated from mats collected on Signy Island, South Orkney Islands, Antarctica. PloSone 14(11): e0224395.
Raveh A, Carmeli S (2007) Antimicrobial ambiguines from the cyanobacterium Fischerella sp. collected in Israel. Journal of Natural Products 70(2):196-201.
Rego A, Raio F, Martins TP, Ribeiro H, Sousa AG, Séneca J, Magalhães C (2019) Actinobacteria and cyanobacteria diversity in terrestrial antarctic microenvironments evaluated by culture-dependent and independent methods. Frontiers in Microbiology 10: 1018.
Reshef V, Mizrachi E, Maretzki T, Silberstein C, Loya S, Hizi A, Carmeli S (1997) New acetylated sulfoglycolipids and digalactolipids and related known glycolipids from cyanobacteria with potential to inhibit the reverse transcriptase of HIV-1. Journal of Natural Products 60: 1251-1260.
Riba M, Kiss-Szikszai A, Gonda S, Parizsa P, Deák B, Török P, Vasas G (2020) Chemotyping of terrestrial Nostoc-like isolates from alkali grassland areas by non-targeted peptide analysis. Algal Research 46: 101798.
Rippka R, Deruelles J, Waterbury JB, Herdman M, Stanier RY (1979) Generic assignments, strain histories and properties of pure cultures of cyanobacteria. Microbiology 111: 1- 61.
Romay C, Ledon N, Genzalez R (1999) Phycocyanin extract reduces leukotriene B4 levels in arachidonic acid-induced mouse-earinflammation test. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 51(5): 641-642.
Safari R, Raftani Amiri Z, Esmaeilzadeh Kenari R (2020) Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of C-phycocyanin from common name Spirulina platensis. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences 19(4): 1911-1927.
Sami N, Ahmad R, Fatma T (2021) Exploring algae and cyanobacteria as a promising natural source of antiviral drug against SARS-CoV-2 Biomedical Journal 44(1) 54-62.
Saurav K, Macho M, Kust A, Delawská K, Hájek J, Hrouzek P (2019) Antimicrobial activity and bioactive profiling of heterocytous cyanobacterial strains using MS/MS-based molecular networking. Folia Microbiologica 64(5): 645-654.
Schaeffer DJ, Krylov VS (2000) Anti-HIV activity of extracts and compounds from algae and cyanobacteria. Ecotoxicology and Environmental safety 45(3):208-27.
Schwartz J, Shklar G, Reid S, and Trickler D (1988) Prevention of experimental oral cancer by extracts of Spirulina-Dunaliella algae. Nutrition and Cancer 11 (2); 127-134.
Seddek NH, Fawzy MA, El-Said WA, Ahmed MMR (2019) Evaluation of antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities and characterization of bioactive substances from freshwater blue-green algae. Global Nest Journal 21(3): 328-336.
Senousy HH, Abd Ellatif S, Ali S (2020) Assessment of the antioxidant and anticancer potential of different isolated strains of cyanobacteria and microalgae from soil and agriculture drain water. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 27: 18463–18474.
Shi SR, Cote RJ, Taylor CR (1999) Standardization and further development of antigen retrieval immunohistochemistry: strategies and future goals. Journal of Histotechnology 22(3):177-92.
Shishido TK, Popin RV, Jokela J, Wahlsten M, Fiore MF, Fewer DP, Herfindal L, Sivonen K (2020) Dereplication of natural products with antimicrobial and anticancer activity from Brazilian cyanobacteria. Toxins 12(1):12.DOI: 10.3390/toxins12010012.
Singh IP, Milligan KE, Gerwick WH (1999) Tanikolide, a toxic and antifungal lactone from the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya m ajuscula. Journal of Natural Products 62(9):1333-5.
Singh SM, Elster JOSEF (2007) Cyanobacteria in Antarctic lake environments. In: Algae and cyanobacteria in extreme environments. Springer, Dordrecht Pp. 303-320.
Singh U, Singh AK, Asthana RK (2021a) Bioactive molecules from microalgae and constraints in commercialization. Natural Bioactive Compounds Pp. 143-164.
Singh U, Singh P, Singh AK, Kumar D, Tilak R, Shrivastava SK, Asthana RK (2021b) Identification of antifungal and antibacterial biomolecules from a cyanobacterium, Arthrospira platensis. Algal Research 54:102215.
Smetana S, Sandmann M, Rohn S, Pleissner D, Heinz V (2017) Autotrophic and heterotrophic microalgae and cyanobacteria cultivation for food and feed: life cycle assessment. Bioresource Technology 245: 162-170.
Spoehr HA, Milner HW (1949) The chemical composition of Chlorella; effect of environmental conditions. Plant physiology 24(1):120.
Sridhar K, Inbaraj BS, Chen BH(2021) Recent developments on production, purification and biological activity of marine peptides. Food Research International 147: p.110468.
Srivastava VC, Manderson GJ, Bhamidimarri R (1999) Inhibitory metabolites production by the cyanobacterium Fischerellamuscicola. Microbiological Research 153(4):309-17.
Stanier G (1988) Fine structure of cyanobacteria. Methods in Enzymology 167:157-172.
Stevenson CS, Capper EA, Roshak AK, Marquez B, Eichman C, Jackson JR, Mattern M, Gerwick WH, Jacobs RS, Marshall LA (2002) The identification and characterization of the marine natural product scytonemin as a novel antiproliferative pharmacophore. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 303(2):858-66.
Stratmann K, Moore RE, Bonjouklian R, Deeter JB, Patterson GM, Shaffer S, Smith CD, Smitka TA (1994) Welwitindolinones, unusual alkaloids from the blue-green algae Hapalosiphon welwitschii and Westiellaintricata. Relationship to fischerindoles and hapalinodoles. Journal of the American Chemical Society 116(22):9935-9942.
Sturdy M, Krunic A, Cho S, Franzblau S, Orjala J (2010) Eucapsitrione, an anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis anthraquinone derivative from the cultured freshwater cyanobacterium Eucapsis sp. Journal of natural products 73(8):1441-3.
Tang J, Jiang D, Luo Y, Liang Y, Li L, Shah MMR, Daroch M (2018) Potential new genera of cyanobacterial strains isolated from thermal springs of western Sichuan, China. Algal Research 31: 14-20.
Thajuddin N, Subramanian G (2005) Cyanobacterial biodiversity and potential applications in biotechnology. Current Science 10:47-57.
Tokuda H, Nishino H, Shirahashi H, Murakami N, Nagatsu A, Sakakibara J (1996) Inhibition of 12-O-tetradecanooylphorbol-13-acetate promoted mouse skin papilloma by digalactosyl diacylglycerols from the fresh water cyanobacterium Phormidium tenue. Cancer Letter 104: 91-95.
Trimurtulu G, Ohtani I, Patterson GM, Moore RE, Corbett TH, Valeriote FA, Demchik L (1994) Total structures of cryptophycins, potent antitumor depsipeptides from the blue-green alga Nostoc sp. strain GSV 224. Journal of the American Chemical Society 116(11):4729-37.
Troschl C, Fritz I, Sodnikar K, Drosg B (2017) Contaminations in mass cultivation of cyanobacteria: Highly resilient Colpoda steinii leads to rapid crash of Synechocystis sp. cultures and is inhibited by partially anoxic conditions. Algal research 28: 229-234.
Uma VS, Gnanasekaran D, Lakshmanan U, Dharmar P (2020) Survey and isolation of marine cyanobacteria from eastern coast of India as a biodiesel feedstock. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 24: 101541.
Vanlalveni C, Rajkumari K, Biswas A, Adhikari PP, Lalfakzuala R, Rokhum L (2018) Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Nostoc linckia and its antimicrobial activity: a novel biological approach. BioNanoScience 8(2): 624-631.
Vasudevan S, Arulmoorthy MP, Suresh R (2020) Isolation, purification and structural elucidation of secondary metabolites from Microcystis aeruginosa bloom from Muttukadu estuary and its in vitro antibacterial, antioxidant and anticancer potency. South African Journal of Botany 132: 59-67.
Verma E, Mishra AK, Singh AK, Singh VK (2016) Structural elucidation and molecular docking of a novel antibiotic compound from cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. MGL001. Frontiers in Microbiology 29(7):1899.
Volk RB, Furkert FH (2006) Antialgal, antibacterial and antifungal activity of two metabolites produced and excreted by cyanobacteria during growth. Microbiological Research 161(2):180-6.
WHO (2017) Global priority list of Antibiotic resistant bacteria to guide research discovery and developments of new antibiotics.
Wright AD, Papendorf O, König GM (2005) Ambigol C and 2, 4-Dichlorobenzoic Acid, Natural Products Produced by the Terrestrial Cyanobacterium Fischerella ambigua. Journal of Natural Products 68(3):459-461.
Xiong C, O’Keefe BR, Byrd RA, McMahon JB (2006) Potent anti-HIV activity of scytovirin domain 1 peptide. Peptides 27(7):1668-75.
Xu HL, Kitajim C, Ito H, Miyazaki T, Bab M, Okuyam T (2012) Antidiabetic effect of polyphenols from brown alga Ecklonia kurome in genetically diabetic KK-Ay mice, Pharmaceutical Biology 50: 393–400.
Yamaguchi M, Ogawa T, Muramoto K, Kamio Y, Jimbo M, Kamiya (1999) Isolation and characterization of a mannan-binding lectin from the freshwater cyanobacterium (blue-green algae) Microcystis viridis. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 265(3):703-8.
Yoon SH, Lee YM, Kim JE, Lee SH, Lee JH, Kim JY, Jung KH, Shin YC, Keasling JD, Kim SW (2006) Enhanced lycopene production in Escherichia coli engineered to synthesize isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate from mevalonate. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 94(6):1025-32.
Yücer TD, Beyatlı Y, Pabuçcu K (2018) The antiproliferative and antimicrobial effects of cultivated Anabaena circinalis Rabenhorts ex Bornet and Flahault and Nostoc entophytum Bornet and Flahault. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 17(8): 1571-1577.
Zaki S, Merican F, Muangmai N, Convey P, Broady P (2020). Discovery of microcystin-producing Anagnostidinema pseudacutissimum from cryopreserved Antarctic cyanobacterial mats. Harmful algae 93: 101800.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
