Growth and development of transgenic peanut (Arachis hypogaea) lines containing chitinase 42 kDa gene from Trichoderma asperellum SH16

Phung Thi Bich Hoa; Hoang Lan Phuong; Nguyen Thi Trang; Nguyen Thi Thanh Tuyen; Huynh Kim Vu; Truong Thi Hieu Thao; Nguyen Hoang Tue; Nguyen Xuan Huy

doi:10.18006/2022.10(4).789.796

Authors

Phung Thi Bich Hoa Faculty of Biology, University of Education, Hue University, 34 Le Loi, Hue 530000, Vietnam https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9989-7713
Hoang Lan Phuong Faculty of Biology, University of Sciences, Hue University, 77 Nguyen Hue, Hue 530000, Vietnam https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9481-9396
Nguyen Thi Trang Faculty of Biology, University of Sciences, Hue University, 77 Nguyen Hue, Hue 530000, Vietnam https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3888-1141
Nguyen Thi Thanh Tuyen Faculty of Biology, University of Sciences, Hue University, 77 Nguyen Hue, Hue 530000, Vietnam https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0382-928X
Huynh Kim Vu Faculty of Biology, University of Sciences, Hue University, 77 Nguyen Hue, Hue 530000, Vietnam https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5792-0017
Truong Thi Hieu Thao Faculty of Biology, University of Education, Hue University, 34 Le Loi, Hue 530000, Vietnam https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0006-5838
Nguyen Hoang Tue Faculty of Biology, University of Sciences, Hue University, 77 Nguyen Hue, Hue 530000, Vietnam https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4387-0201
Nguyen Xuan Huy Department of Science, Technology and International Relations, Hue University, 03 Le Loi, Hue 530000, Vietnam https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8744-0927

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18006/2022.10(4).789.796

Keywords:

Chitinase 42 kDa, Chi42, Growth, SyncodChi42-1, SyncodChi42-2, Transgenic peanut lines, Yield

Abstract

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is vulnerable to many diseases. Vietnam and other regions where peanut is widely cultivated have a high threat of fungal and other plant diseases. Various fungicides are available to control the fungal disease but these have various harmful effects on the natural flora, fauna, and environment. Transgenic peanut lines which possess antifungal activity provide a possible solution in managing fungal diseases apart from the traditional resistance and fungicide usage. Therefore, this study evaluated the probable growth and development of chitinase transgenic peanut lines against Sclerotium rolfsii, a pathogen that causes “southern blight” in plants, under greenhouse conditions. This study provided evidence that through Agrobacterium itumefaciens mediated transformation, 42 kDa chitinase genes from Trichoderma asperellum, which is under the regulation of 35S promoter, were successfully incorporated into the peanut’s (A. hypogaea L.) genome and expressed in their plants. This evidence also demonstrated that transgenic peanut lines were suitable for growing and developing in the greenhouse. Further, it was reported that transgenic peanut lines took approximately 133 to 145 days from planting to maturity. These results also revealed that various growth characteristics of transgenic peanut lines having two synthetic genes (syncod Chi42-2 i.e. S2-2, S2-4, S2-6, and syncod Chi42-1 i.e. S1-1, S1-2, S1-3) were greater than that from the wild-type Chi42 (WT-1, WT-2, and WT-3). In addition, yield-related parameters including the number of mature pods, 100 pods weight and 100 seeds weight for all the transgenic peanut lines were higher than that of the non-transformed plant. Among the transgenic lines, line S2-4 exhibited significantly higher growth and yield than the other transgenic lines. These results demonstrated that 42 kDa chitinase genes overexpressing peanut lines could be a candidate for improvement against plants to phytopathogenic fungus S. rolfsii and high yield.

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