Assessment of Variability and Genetic Diversity Study in an Advanced Segregating Population in Rice with Blast Resistance Genes Introgression

NORAISHAH HASAN; Mohd Rafii Yusop; Abdul Rahim Harun; Norida Mazlan; Nusaibah  Syd Ali; Shamsiah Abdullah

doi:10.18006/2022.10(2).306.317

Authors

NORAISHAH HASAN Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Negeri Sembilan Kampus Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
Mohd Rafii Yusop Department of Crop Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Abdul Rahim Harun Agrotechnology and Bioscience Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
Norida Mazlan Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Nusaibah Syd Ali Department of Agriculture Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Shamsiah Abdullah Agricultural Biotechnology Research Group, Faculty of Plantation and Agrotechnology, Universiti Teknologi MA RA Cawangan Melaka, Merlimau, Melaka, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18006/2022.10(2).306.317

Keywords:

Genetic diversity, Heritability, Principal component analysis, Rice breeding, UPGMA dendrogram

Abstract

Blast disease caused by a pathogenic fungus, Magnaphorthe oryzae, is the most destructive disease and has resulted in more than 50% of crop losses worldwide, including in Malaysia. The present study was conducted to investigate genetic variability among 36 advanced lines of MR264 × PS2 rice with blast resistance genes introduced at the Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. Traits such as days of maturity, plant height, grain width, and seed setting rate exhibited negative skewness in this study, indicating a doubling of gene effects. Seed setting rate and 1000 grain weight showed positive kurtosis, indicating gene interactions. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was slightly higher than the genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all traits, indicating that environmental influences affect the expression of these traits. High heritability associated with high genetic advance as a percentage of the mean was observed for filled grains per panicle. In addition, the second-highest value for high heritability and the high genetic advance was observed for the number of tillers. Cluster and principal component analysis revealed that 36 advanced lines were grouped into four clusters based on ten agromorphological traits. Clusters A and C had higher mean values for most of the traits studied than clusters B and D. Desirable recombinants for higher yields with a broad genetic base can be generated by using cross lines from different clusters.

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