Influence of particle size fraction and bioactive compound contents on the biological activities of Solanum torvum L. leaf powder extracts

ASSIENE AGAMOU Julien Armel; DJEUKEU ASONGNI William; ASSIENE OYONG Damase Serge; TIZE Zra; OBONO NDONG Tatiana Léa; MBANGO EKE Pauline; MBOUBE NGONGANG Oriane; KEUBING FEUDJIO Suzanne Rose; FONGNZOSSIE FEDOUNG Evariste

doi:10.18006/2024.12(2).203.217

Authors

ASSIENE AGAMOU Julien Armel Department of Home Economics, Advanced Teacher’s Training College for Technical Education, University of Douala, 24 157 Douala, Cameroon. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9655-0116
DJEUKEU ASONGNI William Department of Home Economics, Advanced Teacher’s Training College for Technical Education, University of Douala, 24 157 Douala, Cameroon. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7517-0846
ASSIENE OYONG Damase Serge Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, 2701 Douala, Cameroon https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6564-2798
TIZE Zra Department of Chemical Engineering, Advanced Teacher’s Training College for Technical Education, University of Douala, 24 157 Douala, Cameroon https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7512-7550
OBONO NDONG Tatiana Léa Department of Home Economics, Advanced Teacher’s Training College for Technical Education, University of Douala, 24 157 Douala, Cameroon. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8757-3582
MBANGO EKE Pauline Department of Home Economics, Advanced Teacher’s Training College for Technical Education, University of Douala, 24 157 Douala, Cameroon. https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7462-4136
MBOUBE NGONGANG Oriane Department of Home Economics, Advanced Teacher’s Training College for Technical Education, University of Douala, 24 157 Douala, Cameroon. https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9372-5640
KEUBING FEUDJIO Suzanne Rose Department of Home Economics, Advanced Teacher’s Training College for Technical Education, University of Douala, 24 157 Douala, Cameroon. https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5648-2754
FONGNZOSSIE FEDOUNG Evariste Department of Home Economics, Advanced Teacher’s Training College for Technical Education, University of Douala, 24 157 Douala, Cameroon. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7860-466X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18006/2024.12(2).203.217

Keywords:

Solanum torvum leaves powders, Particle size fractions, Extracts, Bioactive compounds, Biological activities

Abstract

This study investigates the bioactive compound content and biological activities of raw powder extracts and particle size fractions from Solanum torvum leaves. The leaves, harvested from Douala, were processed into powders and subsequently divided into different fractions. Methanolic extracts of these powders were analyzed for their content of bioactive compounds (total polyphenols, total flavonoids, and condensed tannins), antioxidant (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP assays), and antimicrobial (bacterial and fungal) activities. The particle size fraction of 250-400 µm constitutes the largest proportion (33.41%) of the raw powder. The highest contents of bioactive compounds are found in the 200-250, 400-500, and < 125 µm fractions for total polyphenols (44.62 ± 0.19 mg GEA/100 ml extract), total flavonoids (14.47 ± 0.37 mg QE/100 ml extract), and condensed tannins (22.79 ± 0.12 mg CE/100 ml extract), respectively. The antioxidant activity of extracts from 500-800µm fraction improved their DPPH and ABTS assays by 31.50% and 40.44% compared to the raw powder. The same fraction (500-800 µm) and the raw powder extracts demonstrated bactericidal activities, while the 125-200, 200-250, and ≥ 800 µm fraction extracts exhibited moderate and significant antifungal activities against several bacterial and fungal strains, respectively. These biological activities are primarily attributed to the average flavonoid contents, which become more accessible in extracts after fractionation. This method of processing powder suggests that no plant powder should be disregarded or rejected due to its low content of bioactive compounds.

Author Biographies

ASSIENE AGAMOU Julien Armel, Department of Home Economics, Advanced Teacher’s Training College for Technical Education, University of Douala, 24 157 Douala, Cameroon.

Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National School of Agro-industrial Sciences, Ngaoundere, University of Ngaoundere, 455 Ngaoundere, Adamawa Region, Cameroon

DJEUKEU ASONGNI William, Department of Home Economics, Advanced Teacher’s Training College for Technical Education, University of Douala, 24 157 Douala, Cameroon.

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Douala, 24 157 Douala, Cameroon

ASSIENE OYONG Damase Serge, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, 2701 Douala, Cameroon

Department of Biology, Higher Institute of Medical Technology, Yaoundé, 188 Yaoundé, Cameroon

TIZE Zra, Department of Chemical Engineering, Advanced Teacher’s Training College for Technical Education, University of Douala, 24 157 Douala, Cameroon

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Douala, 24 157 Douala, Cameroon

FONGNZOSSIE FEDOUNG Evariste, Department of Home Economics, Advanced Teacher’s Training College for Technical Education, University of Douala, 24 157 Douala, Cameroon.

Cameroon Ethnobotany Network. PO Box 8038 Yaoundé, Cameroon

Laboratory of Botany, University of Yaoundé 1, PO Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon

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